No. 122: Rich Land, Strong Army

"No. 122: Rich Land, Strong Army" is a Xiangqi (Chinese Chess) puzzle from the collection Elegant Pastimes (Shiqing Yaqu, 1570). Red moves first and wins in 9 moves; the key first move is +R+8. Below you will find the full solution, what each move achieves, where it could go wrong, and the alternative defences.

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Pieces on the board

Red has a General, 2 Chariots, a Horse, 2 Cannons, a Soldier. Black has a General, 2 Advisors, 2 Elephants, 2 Chariots, 2 Soldiers.

Solution move by move

1. Red +R+8 (check, threatens mate next move, the General has no escape square)
Why it works
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
Takes away the General's escape squares.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
1. Black A5-4
1. Black A5-4
2. Red +R=6 (captures the Advisor, check, sacrifices the Chariot)
Why it works
Wins material: takes the Advisor.
What to watch out for
Gives up the Chariot; the follow-up must be exact or the sacrifice is wasted.
2. Black K5=4 (captures the Chariot)
2. Black K5=4
3. Red H2+4 (check)
3. Black K4=5
3. Black K4=5
4. Red R9+9 (check, threatens mate next move, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
4. Black K5+1
4. Black K5+1
5. Red C3+6 (check, threatens mate next move, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
5. Black K5=6 (captures the Horse)
5. Black K5=6
6. Red P4+1 (check)
Why it works–
What to watch out for
The Soldier stands where it can be captured.
6. Black K6=5
6. Black K6=5
7. Red P4=5 (captures the Elephant, check, threatens mate next move)
Why it works
Wins material: takes the Elephant.
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
What to watch out for
The Soldier stands where it can be captured.
7. Black K5=4
7. Black K5=4
8. Red P5=6 (check, sacrifices the Soldier, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
What to watch out for
Gives up the Soldier; the follow-up must be exact or the sacrifice is wasted.
8. Black K4+1 (captures the Soldier)
8. Black K4+1
9. Red R9=6 (checkmate)
Why it works
Ends the game: no legal reply remains.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
9. Red R9=6

Variations and alternative defences

The source manual records 2 variations. Each branch starts from the move number shown.

Variation 1, from move 8: 8. P5+1+ K4+1 9. R9=6# Try it on the board
Variation 2, from move 7: E7+5 8. R9-1# Try it on the board

Final position

Red wins after 9 moves. The General has no legal move.

Questions about this puzzle

Who moves first in "No. 122: Rich Land, Strong Army"?

Red moves first, as in every puzzle of Elegant Pastimes (Shiqing Yaqu, 1570).

How many moves does the solution take?

9 moves. The main line is shown above; alternative defences are covered in the variations section.

What is the key move?

The first move +R+8 starts the combination. Everything that follows depends on it.

Can I play this position myself?

Yes. Open it on ChessZing, where the board checks your moves and shows the solution if you get stuck.

← Previous puzzle: No. 121: Hunting at the Willow Camp Next puzzle: No. 123: Cut a Road Through the Mountain →

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