Chariots Gallop, Horses Charge

"Chariots Gallop, Horses Charge" is a Xiangqi (Chinese Chess) puzzle from the collection Chariot & Horse mates. Red moves first and wins in 21 moves; the key first move is R5+3. Below you will find the full solution, what each move achieves, where it could go wrong, and the alternative defences.

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Pieces on the board

Red has a General, a Chariot, a Horse. Black has a General, a Chariot, a Soldier.

Solution move by move

1. Red R5+3
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 20 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
1. Black R9=3
1. Black R9=3
2. Red K4+1
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 20 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
2. Black P4=3
2. Black P4=3
3. Red R5-3
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 20 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
3. Black R3=8
3. Black R3=8
4. Red R5=4
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 22 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
4. Black K4=5
4. Black K4=5
5. Red R4+2 (check)
5. Black K5-1
5. Black K5-1
6. Red R4-4
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 22 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
6. Black K5+1
6. Black K5+1
7. Red H5+4
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 17 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
The Horse stands where it can be captured.
7. Black K5+1
7. Black K5+1
8. Red R4=5 (check, threatens mate next move, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
8. Black K5=4
8. Black K5=4
9. Red H4-6
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 17 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
9. Black P3=4
9. Black P3=4
10. Red R5=4
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 18 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
10. Black K4-1
10. Black K4-1
11. Red H6+4 (check)
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 4 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
The Horse stands where it can be captured.
11. Black K4+1
11. Black K4+1
12. Red H4-5 (check)
12. Black K4-1
12. Black K4-1
13. Red H5+7 (check)
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 4 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
13. Black R8=3
13. Black R8=3
14. Red R4+4 (check)
14. Black K4-1
14. Black K4-1
15. Red R4+1 (check, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
15. Black K4+1
15. Black K4+1
16. Red R4=7
Why it works–
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 6 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
16. Black R3+1 (captures the Horse, threatens mate next move)
16. Black R3+1
17. Red R7-3 (captures the Chariot)
Why it works
Wins material: takes the Chariot.
What to watch out for
Not forcing: the defender has 6 replies, so compare each one before playing it.
17. Black K4-1
17. Black K4-1
18. Red R7=6 (check, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
18. Black K4=5
18. Black K4=5
19. Red R6-5 (captures the Soldier, threatens mate next move, the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
Wins material: takes the Soldier.
Creates an immediate mating threat that must be answered.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
19. Black K5+1
19. Black K5+1
20. Red R6+8 (the only legal reply)
Why it works
Forcing: the opponent has only one reply, so the line cannot be avoided.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
20. Black K5+1
20. Black K5+1
21. Red R6-1 (checkmate)
Why it works
Ends the game: no legal reply remains.
What to watch out forNo real drawback in this position.
21. Red R6-1

Variations and alternative defences

The source manual records 12 variations. Each branch starts from the move number shown.

Variation 1, from move 10: R8-2 11. H6+8 K4=5 12. R4=5+ K5=4 13. H8-7+ K4-1 14. H7+5+ K4+1 15. H5+4+ Try it on the board
Variation 2, from move 9: K4-1 10. R5=6 R8=5 11. R6-2 P3=2 12. R6-1 R5=9 13. H6+8+ K4=5 14. R6=5+ R9=5 15. H8+7+ Try it on the board
Variation 3, from move 11: R5+7 12. H6+4+ K4=5 13. R6+6+ K5+1 14. H4+2 Try it on the board
Variation 4, from move 6: R8=7 7. H5+4+ K5+1 8. H4-6+ K5=4 9. R4=6 R7=5 10. R6-2 Try it on the board
Variation 5, from move 4: R8=3 5. H5+7 K4=5 6. R4=5+ K5=4 7. K4=5 Try it on the board
Variation 6, from move 3: R3=9 4. R5=4 K4=5 5. H5+4 R9=7 6. R4-2 K5+1 7. R4=5+ K5=4 8. H4-5+ K4-1 9. H5+7+ K4-1 10. H7+5+ K4=5 11. H5+7+ Try it on the board
Variation 7, from move 5: K5+1 6. H4+5 K5-1 7. H5-3 R9+6+ 8. K4+1 K5=4 9. H3-5 K4=5 10. R4=5 K5=4 11. H5-7+ K4-1 12. R5+2 Try it on the board
Variation 8, from move 9: R9=5 10. R4+2+ K4+1 11. H5+4 R5-8 12. R4-2 Try it on the board
Variation 9, from move 3: R3+2 4. H5+7+ K4-1 5. H7+8+ K4+1 6. R5=4 K4=5 7. R4+2+ K5+1 8. H8+6+ K5=4 9. R4=5 R3-4 10. H6-4 Try it on the board
Variation 10, from move 3: R3+4 4. R5=4 K4=5 5. R4+2+ K5+1 6. H5+3+ K5=4 7. R4=5 R3=6+ 8. K4=5 R6-3 9. R5-3 Try it on the board
Variation 11, from move 5: K5-1 6. H5+6+ K5=4 7. R4=5 R3-4 8. H6+4 Try it on the board
Variation 12, from move 4: K4-1 5. H5+4 R3=4 6. R4=5 Try it on the board

Final position

Red wins after 21 moves. The General has no legal move.

Questions about this puzzle

Who moves first in "Chariots Gallop, Horses Charge"?

Red moves first, as in every puzzle of Chariot & Horse mates.

How many moves does the solution take?

21 moves. The main line is shown above; alternative defences are covered in the variations section.

What is the key move?

The first move R5+3 starts the combination. Everything that follows depends on it.

Can I play this position myself?

Yes. Open it on ChessZing, where the board checks your moves and shows the solution if you get stuck.

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